{"id":2161,"date":"2022-10-14T21:45:52","date_gmt":"2022-10-14T13:45:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dodomachine.com\/?p=2161"},"modified":"2026-01-08T14:03:35","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T06:03:35","slug":"identificacao-de-falha-da-valvula-reversora-de-4-vias-e-analise-de-causa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dodomachine.com\/pt\/4-way-reversing-valve-fault-identification-and-cause-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de falhas da v\u00e1lvula reversora de 4 vias e an\u00e1lise de causa"},"content":{"rendered":"
Um. Estrutura e uso da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
A v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias consiste em tr\u00eas partes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
v\u00e1lvula piloto<\/li>
v\u00e1lvula principal<\/li>
bobina<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
A bobina solen\u00f3ide pode ser removida. A v\u00e1lvula piloto e a v\u00e1lvula principal s\u00e3o soldadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Uma breve introdu\u00e7\u00e3o ao princ\u00edpio de funcionamento da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quando a bobina eletromagn\u00e9tica est\u00e1 desligada, conforme mostrado na figura abaixo: a v\u00e1lvula deslizante piloto \u2461 se move para a direita sob o acionamento da mola de compress\u00e3o \u2462, e o g\u00e1s de alta press\u00e3o entra no tubo capilar \u2460 e ent\u00e3o entra na cavidade do pist\u00e3o \u2464. Por outro lado, o g\u00e1s na cavidade do pist\u00e3o \u2463 \u00e9 descarregado. H\u00e1 uma diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o, o pist\u00e3o e a v\u00e1lvula corredi\u00e7a principal \u2465 movem-se para a direita, de modo que os tubos E e S s\u00e3o conectados, e os tubos D e C s\u00e3o conectados, formando assim um ciclo de refrigera\u00e7\u00e3o conforme mostrado na figura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Quando a bobina solen\u00f3ide \u00e9 energizada, conforme mostrado na figura abaixo, a v\u00e1lvula carretel piloto \u2461 supera a tens\u00e3o da mola de compress\u00e3o \u2462 e se move para a esquerda sob a a\u00e7\u00e3o da for\u00e7a magn\u00e9tica gerada pela bobina solen\u00f3ide. Devido \u00e0 diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o entre as duas extremidades do pist\u00e3o, o pist\u00e3o e a v\u00e1lvula corredi\u00e7a principal \u2465 movem-se para a esquerda, de modo que os tubos S e C s\u00e3o conectados, e os tubos D e E s\u00e3o conectados, formando assim um ciclo de aquecimento .<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de falha de revers\u00e3o de v\u00e1lvula de duas vias e quatro vias<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. Fluxo intermedi\u00e1rio: N\u00e3o \u00e9 dif\u00edcil encontr\u00e1-lo na estrutura da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias. Quando a v\u00e1lvula corredi\u00e7a principal est\u00e1 na posi\u00e7\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria, conforme mostrado na figura abaixo, os tr\u00eas tubos E, S e C est\u00e3o conectados entre si, e h\u00e1 um certo fluxo intermedi\u00e1rio. Neste momento, o compressor est\u00e1 em alta press\u00e3o. O refrigerante no tubo pode fluir diretamente de volta para o tubo de baixa press\u00e3o. O objetivo de projetar o fluxo intermedi\u00e1rio \u00e9 que, quando a v\u00e1lvula de carretel principal estiver na posi\u00e7\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria, ela possa aliviar a press\u00e3o e evitar que o sistema de ar condicionado seja danificado pela alta press\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. A rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o e vaz\u00e3o: A condi\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica para a revers\u00e3o da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias \u00e9 que a diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o em ambas as extremidades do pist\u00e3o (ou seja, a diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o entre o tubo de escape e o tubo de suc\u00e7\u00e3o) (F1-F2) deve ser maior que a resist\u00eancia ao atrito f, caso contr\u00e1rio, as quatro v\u00e1lvulas de passagem n\u00e3o reverter\u00e3o a dire\u00e7\u00e3o. A diferen\u00e7a m\u00ednima de press\u00e3o operacional necess\u00e1ria para revers\u00e3o \u00e9 garantida pela vaz\u00e3o do sistema. Quando a diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o (F1-F2) entre as c\u00e2maras esquerda e direita do pist\u00e3o \u00e9 maior que a resist\u00eancia ao atrito f, a v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias come\u00e7a a mudar de dire\u00e7\u00e3o. Quando a v\u00e1lvula deslizante principal se move para a posi\u00e7\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria, os tubos E, S e C da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias s\u00e3o conectados entre si, comprimindo Parte do refrigerante descarregado do compressor fluir\u00e1 diretamente da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias D atrav\u00e9s das conex\u00f5es E e C at\u00e9 a conex\u00e3o S (porta de retorno de ar do compressor), formando um estado de fluxo de g\u00e1s instant\u00e2neo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Neste momento, se a vaz\u00e3o do refrigerante descarregada pelo compressor for muito maior do que a perda de vaz\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias, a diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o alta e baixa n\u00e3o diminuir\u00e1 muito, e a v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias ter\u00e1 uma revers\u00e3o grande o suficiente diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o para colocar a v\u00e1lvula de carretel principal no lugar; se o compressor descarregar Quando o fluxo de refrigerante da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias for insuficiente, a diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o alta e baixa ser\u00e1 bastante reduzida devido \u00e0 perda do fluxo intermedi\u00e1rio da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias. Na posi\u00e7\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria, uma cadeia de g\u00e1s \u00e9 formada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00eas. Poss\u00edveis raz\u00f5es para fluxo insuficiente de refrigerante<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ocorre vazamento externo no sistema de ar condicionado, resultando em circula\u00e7\u00e3o insuficiente de refrigerante no sistema;<\/li>
Quando o tempo est\u00e1 muito frio, a evapora\u00e7\u00e3o do refrigerante n\u00e3o \u00e9 suficiente;<\/li>
A v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias n\u00e3o combina bem com o sistema, e a v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias selecionada tem um grande fluxo intermedi\u00e1rio e uma pequena capacidade do sistema;<\/li>
Tempo de revers\u00e3o do ar condicionado. Geralmente, o sistema \u00e9 projetado de forma que a v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias n\u00e3o mude de dire\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00e9 que o compressor seja desligado por um determinado per\u00edodo de tempo. Neste momento, a press\u00e3o alta e baixa tendem a se equilibrar, e a revers\u00e3o para na posi\u00e7\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria, ou seja, a v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias n\u00e3o \u00e9 invertida no lugar e a v\u00e1lvula de carretel principal para na posi\u00e7\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria. Na pr\u00f3xima inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, a vaz\u00e3o \u00e9 insuficiente devido ao efeito da vaz\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria;<\/li>
Quando o compressor d\u00e1 partida, o fluxo \u00e9 insuficiente e o inversor fica mais \u00f3bvio.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Quatro, as poss\u00edveis raz\u00f5es para a m\u00e1 comuta\u00e7\u00e3o da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. A bobina est\u00e1 desconectada ou a tens\u00e3o n\u00e3o atende \u00e0s regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es da bobina, fazendo com que o carretel da v\u00e1lvula piloto falhe;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Devido a raz\u00f5es externas, a parte da v\u00e1lvula piloto \u00e9 deformada, fazendo com que o n\u00facleo da v\u00e1lvula n\u00e3o se mova;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Por motivos externos, o tubo capilar da v\u00e1lvula piloto est\u00e1 deformado, o fluxo \u00e9 insuficiente e a diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o necess\u00e1ria para a revers\u00e3o n\u00e3o pode ser formada e n\u00e3o pode ser acionada;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Devido a raz\u00f5es externas, o corpo da v\u00e1lvula principal est\u00e1 deformado e a parte do pist\u00e3o fica presa e n\u00e3o pode se mover;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Os detritos no sistema entram na v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias e bloqueiam o pist\u00e3o ou a v\u00e1lvula de carretel principal e n\u00e3o podem se mover;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. Quando a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 soldada, a temperatura do corpo da v\u00e1lvula principal excede 120\u00b0C e as pe\u00e7as internas ficam deformadas termicamente e n\u00e3o podem se mover;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7. H\u00e1 vazamento externo de refrigerante no sistema de ar condicionado, a quantidade de circula\u00e7\u00e3o de refrigerante \u00e9 insuficiente e a diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o necess\u00e1ria para a comuta\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o pode ser estabelecida e n\u00e3o pode ser operada;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8. O volume de circula\u00e7\u00e3o do refrigerante do compressor n\u00e3o consegue atender ao fluxo necess\u00e1rio da revers\u00e3o da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9. Quando a frequ\u00eancia de velocidade do compressor inversor \u00e9 baixa, a vaz\u00e3o necess\u00e1ria para a comuta\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o pode ser garantida;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
10. O compressor scroll causa choque hidr\u00e1ulico no sistema, fazendo com que o pist\u00e3o da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias seja danificado e incapaz de operar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Julgamento de g\u00e1s de coluna de v\u00e1lvula de cinco e quatro vias<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
O m\u00e9todo de distinguir o fluxo de g\u00e1s: toque manualmente os tr\u00eas tubos inferiores da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias, se todos estiverem quentes, significa que a v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias n\u00e3o est\u00e1 no lugar e est\u00e1 no fluxo de g\u00e1s intermedi\u00e1rio estado. Um pequeno peda\u00e7o de \u00edm\u00e3 tamb\u00e9m pode ser usado. Quando a dire\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 invertida, o pequeno \u00edm\u00e3 n\u00e3o se move com ele, o que tamb\u00e9m significa que o g\u00e1s fica preso. Uma certa quantidade de refrigerante \u00e9 carregada no sistema e a dire\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser invertida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Existem muitos fatores que fazem com que a v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias n\u00e3o mude de dire\u00e7\u00e3o. Durante a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o, muitas vezes se manifesta como aus\u00eancia de resfriamento ou aquecimento. Os m\u00e9todos de elimina\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o os seguintes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(1) Primeiro verifique se o refrigerante no sistema \u00e9 suficiente (n\u00e3o \u00e9 abrangente avaliar se a press\u00e3o do sistema \u00e9 suficiente);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(2) Verifique o sistema quanto a perda de refrigerante causada por vazamento externo;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(3) Verifique se o corpo da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias e o tubo capilar est\u00e3o danificados ou deformados;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(4) Julgar se a bobina est\u00e1 ligada e desligada \u00e9 normal e se a tens\u00e3o est\u00e1 dentro da faixa de uso permitida;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(5) Ao avaliar se a v\u00e1lvula piloto est\u00e1 ativa ou n\u00e3o, h\u00e1 um som de carretel \u201ctorre, torre, torre\u201d batendo quando a bobina \u00e9 ligada ou desligada, indicando que a v\u00e1lvula piloto opera normalmente. Neste momento, \u00e9 melhor energizar apenas a v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias para ouvir o som.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(6) A v\u00e1lvula piloto atua normalmente e o corpo da v\u00e1lvula principal n\u00e3o atua, indicando que a diferen\u00e7a m\u00ednima de press\u00e3o de opera\u00e7\u00e3o necess\u00e1ria para a revers\u00e3o da v\u00e1lvula de quatro vias n\u00e3o foi estabelecida. Refrigerante suficiente pode ser carregado no sistema para faz\u00ea-lo comutar normalmente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Se precisar de mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o da v\u00e1lvula reversora de 4 vias, visite a p\u00e1gina da M\u00e1quina de V\u00e1lvula Reversora de 4 Vias.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
One. Structure and use of four-way valve The four-way valve consists of three parts: pilot valve main valve solenoid coil The solenoid coil can be removed. The pilot valve and the main valve are welded together. A brief introduction to the working principle of the four-way valve: When the electromagnetic coil is in a power-off […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1935,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hvac-knowledge"],"yoast_head":"\n
4-way Reversing Valve fault identification and cause analysis - Automatic Brazing Machine Induction Brazin-DoDo Machine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article describes the principle of the 4-way reversing valve in detail, as well as the failure analysis.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dodomachine.com\/pt\/identificacao-de-falha-da-valvula-reversora-de-4-vias-e-analise-de-causa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4-way Reversing Valve fault identification and cause analysis - Automatic Brazing Machine Induction Brazin-DoDo Machine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This article describes the principle of the 4-way reversing valve in detail, as well as the failure analysis.\" \/>\n<meta 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